Shedding mechanism for looms.



G. GOODLINE.

SHEDDING MEGHANISMFOR- LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY I1, 1913.

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G. GOODLINE.

SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 11, 1913.

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G. GOODLINE, SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR LOOMS.

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GEORGE GOODLINE, OF PAW'IUCKET, RHODE ISLAND.

SHEDDING MECHANISM FOR- LOOMS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' Patented Nov. 10, 1914.

Application filed July 11, 1913. Serial No. 778,537.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, GEORGE GoonLINE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Iawtucket, in the county of Providence and State of Rhode Island, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Shedding Mechanisms for Looms, of which the following isa specification.

This invention relates to shedding mechanisms for looms and particularly to such due to the existence ofthe heddles immedi-.

ately supporting the ends, obviously produces considerable WG I'9H;f/ll8 ends, particularlyif the warp-is soft; this condition is augmented by the presence of knots in the warp, while, due to loose ends or other imperfections, it frequently causes the ends to become bound together so that they cannot pass through the dents of the reed without becoming broken. .The harnesses of each set furthermore usually have the same extent ofthrow (rise or fall) that is, notwithstanding the fact that the sheds converge forwa'rdly toward-the finished goods,'the extents of movement of the several harnesses are not relatively such as to make allowance for such convergence in the sheds, in consequence of-which'the threads at the forward part of each sheet of the shed are not all in a single plane: The advantages of having a all the threads in the forward part of each sheet of the shed in the same plane, such -as affording greater room for the shuttle and avoiding unequal strains on the warp ends,

sheetss all be so moved or operated that comparatively few of said ends'will pass each other in thesame horizontal plane si multaneously and the crowding of the warp ends in passing and the resultant wear or entanglement thereof will be avoided.

nately), and in Another object of this invention is so to construct a shedding mechanism for looms for use in plain weaving and including in each set a plurality of harnesses that, whereas at the completion of a shed all the warp ends in eachsheet thereof shall be coincident with a single plane with respect to the for ward part of such sheet, during the changmg of the sheds the warp ends of said sheets shall be so moved or operated that comparatively few of said ends will pass each other 1n the same horizontal plane simultaneously and the crowding of the warp ends'in passing and the resultant wear or entanglement thereof will be avoided.

Other objects. of the invention will appear in the following description. In the accompanying drawing, wherein the invention is fully illustrated, Figure '1 is a front elevation, partly diagrammatic and partly'infsection, of a loom provided with the improved shedding mechanism arranged for fskip-shaftdiaw; Fig. 2 is .a plan view of-the actuators, the shaft carry- ,ing them and a part of the means for rocking said shaft; Fig. 3 is a side elevation of what is shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is an end elevation of one .of the sets of actuators; Fig. 5 is a planvview of one of the sets of actuators where there is an odd number of harnesses to a set and the harness is arranged in -skip-shaft-draw; Fig. 5 is a diagram of the harness and warp operated by the actuators in Fig. 5; Figs. 6 to 10 are diagrammatic views illustrating the manner of changing a shed in accordancewith the present invention, the harness having an even number to a set and arranged in skipshaft-draw and the actuators here appearing suitably separated for the sake of clearness in illustration; Figs. 6 to l0 are dia-' grammatic iews similar to Figs; 6 to 10, illustratin 'the manner of changing a shed where t e harness is arranged 'instraight-over:draw; -Fig. 11"illustrates my invention where eight-eccentric actuators are employed; Figs. 12 and 13 are diagrammatic views illustrating the two common arrangements of the harnesses and warp, that is in skip-shaft-draw- (11. e., where the warps are passed through the harnesses alterstraight-over-draw (i. e., where thewarps are passed through the harnesses in regular succession) and Fig. 14

- is a plan view of a set of ten actuators for a harness arranged in straight-over-draw.

In the loom frame a is journaled the horizontal rock shaft 5. Formed in part with or mounted'on said shaft is one or more series of actuatorsin the present case, two such .illustrated has four harnesses, 0", d", e",

f", to which the straps 0, d, e, f are respectively connected in a manner tobe explained.

' ss'uming for the meanwhile that the several harnesses are suitably suspended While being reciprocated vertically from the actuators, the disposition and relation of the several eccentrics, straps and harnesses are substantially asfollows: One half of the eccentrics, (say a and e) are set on the shaft reversely to the other half. The straps for the first and second harnesses (counting from rear to front in Fig. pass at one side of the shaft 1) around two reversely set eccentrics (as c, (1) while the straps for the third and fourth harnesses pass at the other side of the shaft around the remaining two reversely set eccentrics (as e, f). The several eccentrics, moreover, are gradually re duced in diameter, eccentric 0 being the largest and eccentric f the smallest, as clearly shown in Fig. l. i

Now on a viewto Figs. 6 to 10, inclusive, (illustrative of the invention in connection with skip-shaft-draw) it will be seen: First, that in the rocking of the shaft Z2, due to the gradual reduction in the diameter of the eccentric, the several harnesses from rear to front in Fig. 1 will have imparted to them movementswhich gradually reduce in extent. That is to say, if the rearmost harness has a movement of a given extent, the second harness from the rear will have a somewhat less movement; the third harness" still less movement, and the fourth harness the least movement. In this way, each time a shed is formed, the front portion of each sheet thereof forms aperfect plane, resulting in uniform strain on the warp ends, greater room for the shuttle andother advantages which will be at once apparent to the weaver. Second, it will be seen that in the rotation of each eccentric (the shaft moving at a constant speed) the delivery or winding up, as the case may be, of the corresponding straps will be alt nately fast and slow. 'lhis, in view of the stated arrangement of the several straps relatively to the eccentrics. will result. during the changing of a shed. in the warp ends passing each positions.

other in the order substantially as illustrated in Figs. '7 to 9. Thus, in Fig. 7 the threads appertaining to the harnesses d" and c are passing each other; 1n Fig. 8

the threads appertaining to the harnesses passing each other. In Fig. 10 the new shed is shown as completed. In short, the eccentrics and straps afford means to oppositely move both sets of harnesses, the harnesses of each set in sequence, and bring the harnesses thereof all periodically to rest in positions where the warp supporting portions (as the thread-eyes y) ,of each set of harnesses coincide with one of two planes converging for; wardly toward the cloth.

In Figs. 6 to 10, inclusive, (illustrative of s the invention in connection with straight-over-draw), where eccentrics c and d are set on the shaft reversel'y to eccentrics e and f, and the straps for thefirst and second harnesses (counting from front I to rear in Fig. 2) pass around opposite sides of eccentrics c and (1, while the straps for the third and fourth harnesses pass around opposite sides of eccentrics e and f, it will be seen, first, that inasmuch as the eccentrics 0, (Z, c, f are gradually reduced in diameter,

each other (Fig. 8) that then the threads appertaining to the harnesses c" and 7" will pass each other (Fig. 9) and then finally the threads appertaining to the harnesses 0" and 6' will be in one sheet of the shed and the other two threads in the other sheet of the shed (Fig. 10), having reversed their In the previous description I have referredonly to the simplest type of a shedding mechanism of the kind to which my invention relates, that is, one in which there are only two harnesses to a set. It may be stated at this pointthat if in the case of either skip-draft or straight-over draw there are an odd number of harnesses-to a set it is necessary that two of the actuators,

one for a harness of each set, be concentric,

as the actuators g, g in Fig. 5, their straps extending at opposite sides of the shaft 6, that is reversely around them; in either case, if there are an even number of harnesses to a set all the actuators should be eccentrics.

(That, moreover,'in the case of skip-shaft- I i shaft, .but'so that therewould be an odd strap on one side of the shaft at one end of the series of eccentrics and another odd strap at the other side of the shaft at the other end ofthe series, for otherwise-compare Figs. 5 and 5 numbers 1 and 2 warp threads, for instance, would rise and fall together, instead of in opposite directions), The necessity for providing the concentrics is due to the fact that in' general, where actuators are added to the original four, if the actuators be simply different in size and not sothat theircenters are relatively different from those of the original actuators it will be found that the harnesses which they control-.will be passing in coincidence with the harnesses controlled by actuators corresponding to them in thefirst four, so that,

in short, the desired crossing in sequence, throughout, would'not occur. I

It has already been indicated that when actuators are added to the original four it is necessary to change the centers of the added actuators relatively to those of the original actuators. When actuators are added in the case where the harnesses are arranged in two sets each'having an even number of harnesses all the actuators should be eccentrics, and in such cases each multiple of added actuators should have greater eccentricity than the preceding multiple. This is shown .in'Fig. 11, where the four right-handactuators are set in greater eccentricity than the remaining four, all being eccentrics. In practice, if the eccentricity of the left hand four in Fig. 11 is say one-fourth of an inch the cocentricity of the right hand four would beabout one-half of an inch.

Fig. 14 shows a system of actuatorsto'be used in connection with a harness arranged for straight-over-draw and containing ten It will thus be seen that when ranged for straight-over-draw the straps for the added actuators are related throughout thereto the same. as the original four actuators.

Any suitable means, suitably connected with the harness to cooperate with the -ac- 'tuators in properly-supporting thefharness,

may be employed, but I prefer' to use the svstem of rotary devices'h, i, j, shown in Fig. 1 as-substantial counterparts of the actuators and having straps h, i, 'j, kex

tending'around and attached to their peripheries in the same relation as the straps 0, cl, e, f extend around the actuators 0,

d, e, f.

Any suitable means for rocking-the shaft 6' may be utilized, but I prefer to use that shown in Figs. land 3 because the same has been designed with theparticular purpose of affording a dwell after the rotation of said shaft in each direction, necessary upon the completion of a shed to give the shuttle time to complete its flight through the shed before the shed is changed.

The shaft '1) carr es pulley Z around which, reversely,- extend the straps on, at-

' tached thereto ,and also attached to the bow-shaped lower end of a lever n pivotally suspendedin the frame a. To this lever is attached one end,of a link o, the other end of which is pivoted to one of two elliptical gears 12, 9,1suitably journaled in the frame, the gear 9 being preferably carried by the cam shaft 1 which may be driven in any suitable manner. The gears are re lated'to each'other in a well known manner, so that an alternately slow and fast motion isimparted to thegear p when rotated by the gearjg, and this motio, when transmitted through the link 0, ever n, straps on and pulley Z to shaft 5 produces the desired periodic dwell intheoperation of the harness.

-I-Iaving thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is i 1. A shedding mechanism for looms including two sets of movable harnesses, and.

meansfor actuating the harnesses at different speeds including oscillatoryeccentric actuat ors eccentric in different degree.

' 2. A shedding mechanismfor looms in eluding two sets of movable harnesses, and means for actuating the harnesses at different speeds including oscillatory eccentric actuators having different diameters and be- .ing eccentric in different degree.

3., In combination, harnesses arranged in succession longitudinally of the warp and divided into two sets of a plurality of harnesses to a set, each set being reciprocally movable from a position where its warpsupporting portions coincide with the other of .said planes, and means to oppositely move both sets, the harnesses of each set in relatively'progressivedisposition and bring the harnesses thereof allsimultaneously to rest in said positions. f

4. In combination, harnesses arranged in succession longitudinally of the warp anddivided into two sets-of a plurality of bar supporting portions coincide with ;one of two planes converging forwardly toward the cloth to a position where its said warp- 1 20 harnesses to a set," and means to oppositely said planes, and means to oppositely move both sets, the harnesses of each set at difi'en ent relative speeds, and bring the harnesses thereof all simultaneously to rest in said positions.

5. In combination, harnesses arranged in succession longitudinally of the warp and 7 divided into twosets of an odd numberjof move both sets, the harnesses of each ,set at different relative speeds, including two sets of rotary actuators each comprising a concentric actuator and a plurality of eccentric actuators and operative connecting means between the respective harnesses of both sets and all the actuators.

7. A shedding mechanism for looms comprising .two sets of movable harnesses each including at leastfour harnesses to a set, eccentric actuators mounted to oscillate and corresponding in number to said harnesses, some of said actuators being eccentric in a different degree from that of others, and means operated by said actuators for moving said harnesses.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two Witnesses.

' GEORGE GOODLINE.

.WitnsSes:

JOHN W. STEWARD, WM. D. BELL.- 

